In the tenth year of the trojan war, tensions are running high among the achaians a superancient name for the ancient greeks. This video provides an indepth summary and analysis of the plot, characters and themes of book 24 of homers epic poem the iliad. In essence, the wrath of achilles allows homer to present and develop, within the cultural framework of heroic honor. Idomeneus leads a charge against the trojans in book. This is a list of principal characters in homers iliad and odyssey. The iliad and odyssey are both divided into 24 books. Please note that these chapter divisions did not exist in the original telling of the story.
As all the troops of troy catch their breath within its walls, hector stands at the gates to withstand the coming raid. To repay the indignity chryses has suffered, apollo, the mouse god, rains arrows of plague on the greek forces for 9 days. This makes the scene in which andromache learns of hectors death especially poignant. Chryses and agamemnon part in anger over the ransom of the priests daughter. In the iliad certain heroic characters play major roles in the battles even though the reader knows that many more common soldiers must be involved. These epics tell the story of the trojan war and odysseus journey home after the war, respectively. This is a list of principal characters in homers iliad and odyssey greeks in the trojan war. Read the commentary on books 2022 and on books 2324 readings wednesday class, sept.
Priam, overlooking the battlefield from the trojan ramparts, begs him to come inside, but hector, having given the overconfident order for the trojans to camp outside their gates the night before, now feels too ashamed to join them in their retreat. The will of zeus always prevails, despite any efforts of the other gods to change it. The translation sheets include the greek text in the left column and lined spaces in the right column for students to write out their translations and make annotations. Agamemnon, commanderinchief of the achaean army, takes chryseis as his prize. The iliad is attributed to homer, although we dont know for sure who wrote it. This video provides an indepth summary and analysis of the plot, characters and themes of book 22 of homers epic poem the iliad.
The poem was divided according to what could be transcribed onto one scroll without the scroll becoming too long and thus breaking. You might expect the god of war to be a key player in homers war poem, but ares actions in the iliad are not quite as epic as expected. This video provides an indepth summary and analysis of the plot, characters and themes of book 20 of homers epic poem the iliad. It is thought to describe characters and legends traditionally dated to the 12th century bce, passed down orally, and then written by a poet or bard identified as homer who lived during the archaic age in greece in the 8th century bce. Assess your knowledge of book 22 from the iliad by using the quiz and worksheet. It is a sweeping epic poem that seeks to find answers to some of mankinds most fascinating questions, questions which still intrigue and perplex us today. Homers iliad study guide homers iliad has been captivating audiences for thousands of years. Rodents do spread plague, so the association between a divine mouse function and delivering plague makes sense, even if the greeks werent completely aware of the connection. And aeneas will go on to be the central character of the aeneid, in which he founds the civilization that will become the roman empire, making the trojan line live on in history.
The most common way in which homeric characters reveal themselves is through their actions. At the end of book 21, as the trojan army flees into the city, the trojan agenor deliberates whether to stand or run as. She protected helen, to whom she gave great beauty, and, in book three, she rescues paris from menelaos, and brings him to helen. Aug, 2019 the iliad is attributed to homer, although we dont know for sure who wrote it. Book 22 of homers the iliad brings about the resolution of the dispute between hector and achilles. Apr 25, 20 homer the iliad book xxii the great books quest day 22 duration. You can use either resource at any time and with a mobile. Achilles follows the trojans into the river, hacking them to pieces with his sword. Eventually, apollo lets achilleus know that he duped him. Two soliloquies passages in which a character speaks to himself as if no one else is there occur close together near the end of the iliad. The quarrel between achilles and agamemnon in book 1 of homers iliad sets in motion a chain of events that will.
The most powerful warrior in the iliad, achilles commands the myrmidons, soldiers from his homeland of phthia in greece. This wrath, all its permutations, transformations, influences, and consequences, makes up the themes of the iliad. Summary and analysis of book 22 of homers iliad, with a focus on the duel between hector and achilles. First, the priest chryses comes to ask their leader, king agamemnon, to release his daughter, whom agamemnon was holding captive. Get an answer for in the iliad, book 22, in what way is hectors decision to flee from achilles consistent with hectors character. Hector foreshadows the lengthier battle between the two in book 22.
At the beginning of book 22, who is achilles most angry at. The last section of book xviii describes the giant shield that hephaistos, god of the forge, made for achilles. Set during the trojan war, the tenyear siege of the city of troy ilium by a coalition of greek states, it tells of the battles and events during the. In book 22 the wife of hector is mentioned but is not named. The heroes, however, are presented literally as greater human beings than the ordinary warriors. Priam foresees, as andromache did in book 7, that troy will fall without hector. How would your perception of achilles have been different if the iliad had ended with hectors death in bk. Character profiles he has absolute control over the eventual destinies of humans, but other gods can influence zeus in the short term, or even interfere with his intentions. The iliad begins with the poet calling on the muse to sing of the wrath of achilleus and its consequences. Joseph campbell condensed his understanding of story into a theory he called monomyth, also known as the heros journey or the.
Apollos priest chryses comes to the achaian camp and asks to ransom back his daughter chryseis, who has been captured. Iliad 6 and 22 greek and latin texts with facing vocabulary. Homers description of the climactic battle scene between achilles and hector helped greek audiences visualize the drama. In the iliad certain heroic characters play major roles in the battles even though the reader knows that many more common soldiers must be involved the heroes, however, are presented literally as greater human beings than the ordinary warri.
Thus the trojans in the city scared like fawns wiped the sweatfrom off them and drank to quench their thirst leaning against thegoodly battlements. Running from a fight is generally considered dishonorable in the greek concept of honor described in the iliad. Another famous diomedes, not in the iliad, was a thracian owner of maneating horses, whose capture was the eighth labor of hercules, which is another whole story. That empty glory of yours a runners glory,a scurrying girls at that. Iliad study guide contains a biography of homer, literature essays, a complete etext, quiz questions, major themes, characters, and a full summary and analysis. This contains a book by book summary and analysis of homers epic poem.
Book 22 of the iliad hector is choosing an honorable fate shows achilless hubris major events hectors life flashes before his eyes hectors fate is decided shows achilless hubris hectors death represents the death of troy and all through town the people were convulsed with. Hector stands as the only trojan left outside troy, too ashamed to join the other trojans in their retreat becuase of his previous orders for them to camp outside eventhough priam besgs him to come inside. Hector is the more human and relatable character, feeling motivated to try to make amends despite near certainty he will fail to make up for the harm he has done to his people. This study guide consists of approximately 114 pages of chapter summaries, quotes, character analysis, themes, and more everything you need to sharpen your knowledge of the iliad. Many a brave soul did it sendhurrying down to hades, and many a hero did it yield a prey to dogsand vultures, for so were the counsels of jove fulfilled from theday on which the son of atreus, king.
Zeus sends hermes, disguised as a benevolent myrmidon soldier, to guide priam through the achaean camp. There is a sense of dreadful irony hanging over these two scenes and characters. Agamemnons rejection of chryses in book i leads to all of the events of the iliad. Achilles, one of the achaeans most valuable warriors, claims briseis. The iliad book 22 death of hector american literature.
It is a curious fact about the iliad that, for all its focus on the theme of death, it rarely shows characters longing for immortality. Achilles, agamemnon also called atrides, patroclus. Homers epic poem the iliad tells the story of the trojan war and the epic heroes and gods, including achilles, hector, odysseus, athena, ares. Why is achilles mad at hector in the beginning of book 22. In the iliad, book 22, in what way is hectors decision to. Find all the books, read about the author, and more. In between occurs the fight between hektor and achilles. Achilles kindness to priam in book xxiv ends the warriors wrath and brings the work full circle the war situation is not essentially different from the way it was at the start. Book 22 hector now stands as the only trojan left outside troy. In book 6 hectors humanity is shown as he shares a loving moment with his.
The achaeans also called the argives or danaans achilles the son of the military man peleus and the seanymph thetis. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. This is one of the few times when this happens, and it is interesting that hektor says it out of excitement wanting the moment to last forever instead of despair at a moment passing. Find a summary of this and each chapter of the iliad. Hector is the more human and relatable character, feeling motivated to try to make amends despite near certainty he will fail to. Book 22 book 23 book 24 quotes symbols themes glossary author biography. Hector displays the more heroic character, valuing mutual respect even amid the horrors of war and in the face of death. The main theme of the iliad is stated in the first line, as homer asks the muse to sing of the wrath of achilles. Hera sends a mist to confuse and slow the retreat of the men going back towards the city. In book 17 glaucus rebukes hector for running from the battle over sarpedons corpse. I explain to students that this class they will preread and read the last two iliad excerpts, reading books 22 and 24, in our literature book the language of literature mcdougal littell, 2003 and complete the assignment assignment.
This lesson provides an overview of book 22 of homers the iliad. Just as achilles, through his actions, moves toward his own death, so hektor, through his mistakes, moves toward his. Priam tearfully supplicates achilles, begging for hectors body. However, homer doesnt do much to condemn hectors flight in book 22. Achilles singlehandedly splits the trojan forces, driving one half towards the city and one half into the river. Achilles pursues him thrice round the walls of troy. Then toward the town with might and main he ran, magnificent, like.
Well, the first place you could look is the enotes summary on homers iliad. Lines 463465 standing over him, so theyd gloat and stab his body. This is appropriate to the world the iliad depicts, in which characters regularly accuse each other of talking the talk but not walking the walk see achilleuss criticisms of agamemnon in book. How does agenors soliloquy in book 21 of the iliad compare to hectors in book 22. It is thought to describe characters and legends traditionally dated to the 12th century bce, passed down orally, and then written by a poet or bard identified as homer who lived during the.
Learn exactly what happened in this chapter, scene, or section. What follows is a very brief summary from each book of the iliad. Some may have a divine or semidivine parent, though the hero himself is still mortal and subject to death, unlike the gods. Hector consults within himself what measures to take. Chryseiss father, a man named chryses who serves as a priest of the god apollo, begs agamemnon to return. Achilles is finally able to avenge the death of his dear friend, patroclus. There is a quarrel of book 1 that will not conclude until the final books of the poem.
In this chapter, we finally see achilles and hector engage in battle, and things do not end well for hector. Epic similes in book 22 of the iliad by caroline treis on. Most of the story of andromache is in book 6 of the iliad by homer. First, ajax son of telamon, tower of strength to the achaeans, broke a phalanx of the trojans, and came to the assistance of his. Achilles still chases apollo who turns and tells him that it is impossible to kill him. Chapter summary for homers the iliad, book 1 summary. This video study guide of homers epic poem the iliad provides a detailed summary and analysis of the iliad s plot, characters, themes, and symbols. Without the help of achilles the greeks forces are annihilated by the trojans led by their greatest warrior hector, the son of the trojan king, priam. Priam sees him coming and cries out to hektor, who has stayed outside the walls to face the achaian warrior. Achilles is the greatest hero on the achaean greek side of the trojan war, and he refuses to fight after being insulted. Chapter summary for homers the iliad, book 22 summary. Sing, o goddess, the anger of achilles son of peleus, that broughtcountless ills upon the achaeans. What aspects of achilles character are revealed in the scene with priam in bk. The iliad is an ancient greek poem that tells the story of the trojan war.
Inextricably linked with hectors doom, the impending doom of troy lies especially heavy in book 22. When the chariot arrives at achilles tent, hermes reveals himself and then leaves priam alone with achilles. Andromaches husband hector is one of the major characters in the iliad, and in first mentions, andromache functions as the loving wife, giving a sense. Structurally, this book has three early appeals to hektor, begging him to come inside the walls of troy, balanced late in the book by three laments for hektors death. There are other quarrels as well in book 1 which are brought to some resolution even before the book is out. Read book 22 death of hector of the iliad by homer. It is usually attributed to the poet homer, about whom not much is known. The iliadbook 22 the boxes and the by homer questions at. Check out our revolutionary sidebyside summary and analysis.
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